Interesting tunnel engineering paper from Japan.
It is a free access paper and downloadable as PDF.
Non-linear Stiffness Behavior and Analysis of Tunnel Lining with Reinforcing Bars
Tunnel Engineering Laboratory, Structure Technology Division
Tunnel Engineering Laboratory, Structure Technology Division
Tunnel Engineering Laboratory, Structure Technology Division
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/rtriqr/48/1/48_1_44/_article
cover tunnel photo by: Matt Brown from London, England / CC BY
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https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/rtriqr/48/1/48_1_44/_article
Non-linear Stiffness Behavior and Analysis of Tunnel Lining with Reinforcing Bars
www.jstage.jst.go.jpAccess full-text academic articles: J-STAGE is an online platform for Japanese academic journals.